Woven endless belt



G. WALTERS WOVEN ENDLESS BELT March 16, 1954 Filed April 25, 1951 38 3 73b @@@Qww 3e 38 37 @@w@ %f G. WALTERS WOVEN ENDLESS BELT `March 16, 19542 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 25, 1951 Patented Mar. 16, 1954 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE 2,672,168 WovEN NDLEss BELT Gustav Walters,Middletown, Conn. Application April 1951, Serial' No. 222,773

13 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in woven-endless belts, and moreparticularly' to woven-endless belts to be used as belts iorpulleytravel mechanical purposes, such as drive belts, conveyor beltsand abrasive belts, abrasive belts being those which have an abrasivesuch as rouge, emery etc. adhered thereto for polishing, abrading, etc.

In the usual way of making woven-endless belts for pulley-travelmechanical purposes, the longitudinal strands are endless but thetransverse strands are non-endless, and therefore such belts do not haveselvage side edges as woven, with the result that such edges tend tounravel and destroy the' side edge construction of the belt, inconsequence of which such belts have to be thrown away due tothis edgedestruction.

One object of this invention, therefore, is to provide an improvedywoven-endless, textile belt for pulley-travel mechanical uses, in whichthe non-selvage side edges thereof are of improved construction so as togive longer life to the edge portions of the belt, and at the same timeto notv substantially interfere with the mechanical functioning actionofthe center or main or body por-v` tion of the' belt.

With the above and other objects in View as will appear to those skilledin theV art from the prese' ent disclosure, this invention includes all'features in said' disclosure which are novel' over the prior art'.

in the description and claims', various parts andsteps are identified byspecific terms for convenience, but they are intendedr to bev asgeneric' in their application as the prior art permits.

In the accompanying drawings forming' part of the present disclosure,inv which certain ways of carrying out the invention are shown forillus-v trative purposes:

Fig. l is a perspectiveA View illustrating a woven-endlessV belt made'in accordance with the present invention and mounted on a pair ofpulleys;v

Fig. 2v is an edge View in- Fig'; l;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of Fig.v2`;

Fig. siv is an enlarged sectional view on line iL-4f ofFig. 2,"

Fig; 5 is' ay top" plan View similar to Fig. 3 of a woven-endlesstubular fabric comprising aplurality of beltesections which areultimately to be out into separa-te belt-sections or belts;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic sectional View on line 6-S oi Fig. 2illustratingl one weave construction;

Of the' belt illustrated Z Fig'. 7 is a schematic top plan view of theweave construction of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a schematic top plan view similar to Fig. 7 of a inodiiiedweave construction;

Fig. 9y is a schematic top plan view similar to Fig. d' of anotherVmodified weave construction;

Fig. 10 is a schematic fragmental View similarv to the left-hand portionof Fig. 5, of another modied weave construction; Y

Fig; 11 is a schematic View similar to Fig'. 1'0 of still anothermodified weave construction;

Fig. 12 is a schematic view similar to Fig. 11 of still another modifiedweave construction;

Fig. 13 is a sectional View of a fragment of a belt showing the leftbody and edge-portions corresponding to Figs. 6, 10', 11 and 12;

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 13 of a modified construction ofedge-portion;

Fig. l5 is a view similar to Fig. 14 of still another modied form of'edge construction;

Fig. 16 is a schematic View similar to the left end portion of Fig. 6 ofa'- two-ply edge construction;

Fig. 17 is aschematic View similar to Fig. 16 of another two-ply edgeconstruction;

Fig. 18 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 13 of a two-ply edgeconstruction corresponding to' Figs'. 16 and 17;

Fig. 19v is a schematic View similar to Fig. 16 of'a three-ply edgeconstruction; t

Fig. 2O is a schematic view similar to Fig. 19 of another three-ply edgeconstruction; and

Fig. 21 is a sec-tional View similar to Fig. 18 of a three-ply edgeconstruction corresponding to Figs. 19 and 20.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 7 oi the drawings showing the form of inventionillustrated therein, the belt Bil is of woven-endless constructionhaving aA central-v or mainor body' portion 3l and two oppositeedge-portions 32. The body portion of the belt can be said to bethe beltproper which performs the mechanical functions for which the belt isVintended, and the edge-portions are for the purpose of securing asatisfactory' locking of the longitudinal edge-strands againstunraveling.

In the weaving of this belt, as shown in Fig 5, a woveir-endlessy fabric33 is' Woven withy alternate body portions 3i, and thinner portions 32dfrom which the edge-portions 32 are formed. Each beltunit or belt 36' ismade by cutting longitudinally through the thin portionsV 32ak asindicated' by the broken lines-of-cut- 34, to form the edge-portions-SZof belt-36. Ordinarily', the' edgeportions 32' of" av belt will# begiven somev further lj treatment to increase their resistance tounraveling, before such a belt is to be actually employed for a beltuse. And the body portion of the belt may also be given furthertreatment before being used as a belt, all as will be more fullyhereinafter set forth.

Referring to Fig. 6 which is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional viewon line 6-6 of Fig. 2, the body-portion 3l of the belt 36 and the twoedge-portions 32 thereof are all of single-ply construction in which thelongitudinal body-strands 35 of the body-portion 3i are endlesslongitudinal strands `which are also weft strands, and the longitudinaledge-strands 36 of the edge-portions 32 are also endless longitudinal orweft strands, the endless longitudinal strands 35 and 36 being wovenwith non-endless transverse or warp strands or sets of strands 3l and 38to form the single-ply fabric 33, and the belts Sil which are cut fromthe fabric 33. The transverse strands extend integrally continuouslyacross the body portion and both edge portions.

In the claims, the term endless longitudinal or weft strand or strandsis used in its sense as understood by those skilled in the art, that is,that although a weft strand is ordinarily of indefinitely great lengthexcept when it breaks during Weaving or the weaving of a different sizeof weft strand is to be started, it is not necessary to have it ofindefinitely great length if the picks constituting a weft strand orstrands are constituted of weft strands, a majority of which are longenough to form at least three successive picks of the helix in which theweft strand extends in weaving a tubular fabric, so that the tubularfabric will have ample strength along the locations of the beginning andend of the picks.

It will be noted from Figs. 6 and '.7, that the endless longitudinalweft edge-strands 35 and the non-endless transverse warp strands 3l and3S are shown as of similar size, and much smaller than the longitudinalbody-strands 35, whereby the opposite edge-portions 32 of the belt 36are very flexible and can be rendered non-raveling by treating the samewith rubber and/ or as otherwise hereinafter set forth.

Instead of making a belt such as 30 hereinbefore set forth, a belt 39may be made as illustrated in plan View in Fig. 8, which diifers fromthe belt 36 illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 in that, instead of having thenon-endless transverse warp strands arranged as singles, they arearranged as pairs 43 and il in conjunction with the endless longitudinalweft strands 35 and 36 as in Figs. 6 and 7.

Or, a belt such as 42 as shown in plan view in Fig. 9 can similarly havepairs of transverse strands 43 and lid woven with the longitudinalstrands 35 and 36 by having them extend as pairs in woven relation withthe body-strands 35, and then each pair of strands 53, 44 can change tobe woven as singles 43a and ib and 44a and lieb with the edge-strands35, to thus bring about a better locking action with the edge strands 36than is accomplished in the construction of Fig. 8.

The form of the belt construction 45 illustrated in Fig. l is similar tothat illustrated in Fig. 6, except that in the belt construction 45, thebody portion E5 contains pairs or shed-groups of longitudinal bodystrands All in each shed area i8 formed by the sets of transversestrands 59 and G, while the longitudinal edge strands 5l of each edgeportion 52 are arranged as singles in eah shed area, as in thepreviously described constructions.

lil

In the belt construction 53 illustrated in Fig. 11, the longitudinalstrands are individually all of the same size, but in the body portion54, the longitudinal strands 55 are arranged in shedgroups of four ineach shed area 56 formed by the sets of transverse strands 5l and 58,while the longitudinal edge strands 5s of each edge portion 6l arearranged as singles in each shed area formed by the transverse strands5l and 58 in each edge portion 6 l.

In the form of the construction illustrated in Fig. l2, the belt 62 isshown as having groups of six transverse strands S3, 66, 65, S5, 6l and`68, each group forming a repeat-group in an overthree-under-three twillweave construction with the longitudinal strands 69 in the body-portionit, and then these six strands 63, 64, 65, 66, 'G7 and 68 are woven withthe longitudinal strands 'El in the edge-portion l2 in anover-one-underone weave, similar to the mode of weaving of theedge-portions illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7.

In the case of all of the foregoing described weave constructions setforth in Figs. 6 to 12 inclusive, the average shed area of thelongitudinal strands of the edge-portions is considerably smaller thanthe average shed area of the longitudinal strands in the body-portion.Therefore, since the transverse strands are the same size throughout thebody-portion and edge-portions, each edge-portion will be substantiallythinner and more flexible than the body-portion. And by cutting each ofthe edge-portions 13 of the belt "ad relatively narrow as illustrated inFig. 13, and treating each of them, and if desired also treating theentire belt 'M including the bodyportion i5, with rubber or otherelastomer and vulcanizing, when the edge-portions 13 rub against flangesof pulleys or the like, they will temporarily flex out of the way andthus resist tendency to unravel the longitudinal strands thereof, andthus maintain the belt in serviceable condition.

Or, instead of making the edge-portions as illustrated in Fig. 13, theycan be made as in Fig. 14 in which the belt 16 has a body-portion 'VIand edge-portions 18, each edge-portion 'I8 being cut wider than in thecase of the edgeportion illustrated in Fig. 13, and folded over once toprovide two layers or folds which are sewed together by stitching 19 toprovide a non-reveling edge-portion 18. If desired, each edge-portion'I6 can be treated with rubber either before or after sewing with thestitching 19.

In the form of the belt illustrated in Fig. 15, the body-portion 8l issimilar to that heretofore described, and each edge-portion 82 is cutwider than is illustrated in the belts of Figs. 13 and 14, and is foldedover twice to provide three layers or folds as illustrated, which aresewed together by the stitching 83. The body-portion 8| and/or theedge-portions 82 can be treated with rubber, or otherwise, as herein setforth.

In the form of belt construction 34 illustrated in Fig. 16, thebody-portion 85 is single-ply and has relatively large-size longitudinalweft strands 86 woven with groups of the transverse Warp strands 8l, 88,89 and 93, and each edge-portion 9i consists of two plies 92 and 93, theply 92 having longitudinal strands 94 interwoven with the transversestrands 81 and 88, and the ply 93 having longitudinal strands woven withthe transverse strands 89 and 90.

The beltconstruction 93 illustrated in Fig. 17 is substantially the sameas the belt construction illustrated in Fig. 16 with the exception thatassale@ the additional transverse warp strands 91 and 98 are employed toact as binder-warp strands to bind the upper and lower plies 99 and |00of each edge-portion lill` together, andalso extend across thebody-portion |02 of this belt construction. Strands such as the strands81, 88, 89 and 90 of Fig. 16, and strands 91 and 98 of Fig- 17, areknown to those skilled in the art as Warps or warp strands. But wherewarp strands or portions oiwarp strands such as 91 and 98 bind togethertwo or more plies of Woven material such las plies 99 and |00 of theedge portion |0| of Fig. 17, they are more particularly known as binderwarps or binder-warp strands. And where itis desired to distinguishstrands such as 81 to 90 of Fig. 16, and the portions of strands such as91 and 98 which extend across the body-portion |02 of Fig. 17, which donot bind two or more plies together, from binder-warp strands, theformer are-'called ground wal-ps or ground-Warp strands.

By proportioning the size of the longitudinal strands in theedge-portions as compared to the size of the longitudinal strands in thebody-portions of the constructions of Figs. 16 and 1'7, it is possibleto have the two edge plies provide a thickness which will not be morethan, but will be less than or substantially the same as, thebody-portion. Thus, this is illustrated in Fig. 18 in which a beltconstruction |03 has the bodyportion |04, and the two edge layers orpliesV |05 and |06 of the edge-portion |01, and by cementing and/orsewing and/or binder-strand weaving the edge layers |05 and |536together in a way previously described in connection With otherconstructions, each edge-portion |01 will be suitably protected againstunraveling.

The belt |00 shown in Fig. 19 is very similar to the belt 84 shown inFig. 16, except that the belt |08 has each of its edge-portions |09formed of three plies |10, and H2, instead of two plies as illustratedin the case oi the belt 84 of Fig. 16. And', accordingly, there will besix sets of transverse strands |13, Ht, H5, H6, ||1 and ||8 which extendacross each edge-portion |09 and the body-portion H9.

The belt of` Fig. 2O is substantially the same as the belt |08 of Fig.19 except that it adds the two sets of transverse binder-warp strands 2|and |22 to bind the three plies |23, 24 and |25 of each. edge-portion|26 together.

By proportioning the size of the average shed area of the longitudinalstrands in the edge portions` as compared to the size of the averageshed area of the longitudinal strands in the body-portion of the,constructions of Figs. 19 and 20, it is, possible to have the three edgeplies provide a thickness which will not be more than, but will be, thesame as or less than, the body portion. Thus, this is illustrated inFig. 21 in which a belt |21 has the body-portion |28, andA has anedge-portion |29 made up of the three layers or plies |30, I3 |v and|32, each edge-portion |29 and body-portion I 28 being preferably of thesame thickness, as illustrated.

In accordance with the present invention, each edge-portion has one ormore woven plies, each of which plies is substantially thinner than thewoven body portion in order to provide adequate locking againstunraveling. Another way of dening this characteristic is to say that theaverage shed-area of the longitudinal strands of each edge-portion, issubstantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinalstrands in the body-portion of the belt. And the edge-portions arepreferably treated with elastic cementitious material, preferably rubberor other rubber-likeL material or elastomer and/'or stitching, in orderto further inhibit or prevent the unraveling action of the edge.portions. And it is more advantageous to have the average shed-areay ofthe 1on-` gitudinal strands of each edge-portion not more than half thatof the average shed-area of the longitudinal strands of thebody-portion, and it is still more advantageous to have the averageshed-area of the longitudinal strands of each edge-portion not. morethan one-fourth the aver age shed-area of the longitudinal strands ofthe body-portion, in order to give maximum locking or non-ravelingeffe-ct. And where there are also two or more plies to the edge-portion,this gives locking action against unraveling, as a. result of thecementing of the layers or plies together and/or the. action oftransverse binder-warp strands when used, or sewing the plies togetherwhen that is done. Also, it is preferable to have the transverse strandsin the edge-portions ex tending in an over-one-under-one weave for moreeffective locking action against unraveling. Belts in accordance withthe present invention may have the longitudinal and/or transversestrands made of any suitable material, such as cotton, nylon, etc.

My application Serial Number 222,772 led April 25, 1951, describes meansand method suitable for making woven-endless fabric from which belts inaccordance with this invention may be made.

The invention may be carried out in other specific ways than thoseherein set forth without departing from the spirit and essentialcharacteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are,therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and notrestrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalencyrange of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

I claim:

l. A woven-endless pulley-travel' belt having a woven-endless single-plybody portion and two Woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands woven withnon-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge ofv the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having at least one woven ply; and theaverage shed-area of the longitudinal weft strands of each edge portionbeing substantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinalweft strands of the body portion.

2. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a Woven-endless single-plybody portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands woven withnoi1endless transverse` warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across thev body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in` a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having at least one woven ply; and theaverage shedarea of the longitudinal weft strands of each edge portionbeing not more than half the average shed-area of the longitudinal weftstrands of the body portion.

3. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endless singly-plybody portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands Woven withnon-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having at least one woven ply; and theaverage shed-area of the longitudinal weft strands of each edge portionbeing not more than one-fourth the average shed-area of the longitudinalweft strands of the body portion.

' 4. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endlesssingle-ply body portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edgeportion being adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of thebody portion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portionand edge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands Wovenwith non-endless transvsrse warp strands, the transverse warp tendingcontinuously transversely across the body portion and across and beyondeach side edge of the body portion in a direction away from the bodyportion and connecting the body portion and edge portions together; eachedge portion having only a single woven ply; and the average shed-areaof the longitudinal weft strands of each edge portion beingsubstantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinal weftstrands of the body portion.

5. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endless single-plybody portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands woven withnon-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having only a single woven ply; and theaverage shed-area of the longitudinal weit strands of each edge portionbeing substantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinalweft strands of the body portion, and each of a substantial number ofthe sheds of longitudinal weft strands oi the body portion having aplurality of longitudinal weft strands therein.

6. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endless single-plybody portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal strands eX- weft strandswoven with non-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warpstrands extending continuously transversely across the body portion andacross and beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction awayfrom the body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having at least one woven ply; and theaverage shed-area of the longitudinal weit strands of each edge portionbeing substantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinalweft strands of the body portion, and each of a substantial number ofthe sheds of longitudinal weft strands of the body portion having aplurality of longitudinal weft strands therein.

7. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endless single-plybody portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands woven withnon-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having a woven ply, and said woven ply ofeach edge portion being folded, and the folds being secured together,and the average shedarea of the longitudinal wei't strands of each edgeportion being substantially less than the average shed-area of thelongitudinal weft strands of the body portion.

8. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endless single-plybody portion and two wovenendless edge portions, each edge portion beingadjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the body portion in adirection away from the body portion; the body portion and edge portionseach having endless longitudinal weit strands woven with non-endlesstransverse warp strands, the transverse warp strands eX- tendingcontinuously transversely across the body portion and across and beyondeach side edge of the body portion in a direction away from the bodyportion and connecting the body portion and edge portions together; eachedge portion having only a single woven ply, and said woven ply of eachedge portion being folded, and the folds being secured together, and theaverage shed-area of the longitudinal weft strands of each edge portionbeing substantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinalweit strands of the body portion.

9. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endless single-plybody portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands woven withnon-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having only a single woven ply, and saidwoven ply of each edge portion lying in a single general plane generallyparallel to the general plane of the body portion; and the averageshed-area of the longitudinal weft strands of each edge portion beingsubstantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinal weftstrands of the body portion.

l0. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endless single-plybody portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands Woven withnon-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having only a single Woven ply, and saidWoven ply of each edge portion lying in a single general plane generallyparallel to the general plane of the body portion, and said Woven ply ofeach edge portion containing rubber-like material; and the averageshed-area of the longitudinal weft strands of each edge portion beingsubstantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinal weftstrands of the body portion.

l1. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a Woven-endless single-plybody portion and two woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands Woven withnon-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having a plurality of woven plies, and saidwoven plies of each edge portion being secured together; and the averageshed-area of the longitudinal weft strands of each edge portion beingsubstantially less than the average shed-area of the longitudinal weitstrands of the body portion.

12. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a woven-endless single-plybody portion and two Woven-endless edge portions, each edge portionbeing adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weft strands Woven withnon-endless transverse Warp strands, the transverse Warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having a plurality of woven plies, and withsaid woven plies of each edge portion each lying in a single generalplane generally parallel to one another and to the general plane oi thebody portion, and said Woven plies of each edge portion being se- Culdtogether; and the average shed-area oi' the longitudinal weft strands ofeach edge portion being substantially less than the average shedarea ofthe longitudinal weft strands of the body portion.

13. A woven-endless pulley-travel belt having a Woven-endless single-plybody portion and two Woven-endless edge portions, each edge portion'being adjacent to and transversely beyond a side edge of the bodyportion in a direction away from the body portion; the body portion andedge portions each having endless longitudinal weit strands woven withnon-endless transverse warp strands, the transverse warp strandsextending continuously transversely across the body portion and acrossand beyond each side edge of the body portion in a direction away fromthe body portion and connecting the body portion and edge portionstogether; each edge portion having a plurality of woven plies, and withsaid woven plies of each edge portion each lying in a single generalplane generally parallel to one another and to the general plane of thebody portion, and each of said woven plies of each edge portioncontaining rubber-like material; and the average shed-area of thelongitudinal weft strands of each edge portion being substantially lessthan the average shed-area of the longitudinal weft strands of the bodyportion.

GUSTAV WALTERS.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 505,294 Lyall Sept. 19, 1893 708,907 McLean Sept. 9, 1902824,226 AlVord June 26, 1906 848,121 Moore Mar. 26, 1907 1,034,063Bentley July 30, 1912 1,895,689 Schlegel Jan. 31, 1933 2,391,674 Brownet al Dec. 25, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 6,475 GreatBritain of 1898 429,743 Great Britain June 5, 1935

